FoodNetArchive

Practical gastronomy and culinary dictionary

1892

Page 22

Presented as published in 1892. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
The Turkish cuisine must be tasted to be appreciated. The basis of all culinary operations in Stamboul is a certain kind of tallow extracted from the broad and thick extremity of the Caraman sheep. This tallow has an odour so potent that we would not use it even for candles. The Turks are essentially vegetarians. They eat beef very rarely, and never pork or veal. They in- dulge in ducks, lean fowls, and fiUany sheep, the flesh of which they cut off in small pieces. These pieces are strung upon long spits, which are held and turned for some minutes over hot coals, where they are slowly roasted, retaining all their juices. This is what is called kebab y a healthful and nutritious food which Europeans EATING AND DEINKING AMONG THE TURKS 59 find delicious. Turkish pastry is quite varied, and would not be disagreeable if honey and sugar were not used so abundantly, and if the taste of tallow could be excluded. Bahalava and ehmek kataif (thick cakes in honey, perfumed with rose-water and covered with caimak, a kind of cream), in particular, recall very savoury memories. Pachas and rich Turks always have at their repasts a great number of dishes, which the servants bring in on brass platters, and place on the mat on the floor, or sometimes on small low tables around which the guests squat. They eat in a grave manner, and help themselves generally with their fingers as well as with forks, and with their teeth as well as with their knives. Nevertheless, they deign to use a spoon to convey to their mouths food that is not very solid, like stewed rice, malehy (a kind of cooked cream), and iaourt (thick and bitterish milk), all of which they are very fond of. Their drink consists of clear water, but this does not prevent them from imbibing before their repast a white liquor, raki, which is made of the gum of the mastic-tree mixed with alcohol. It is an agreeable drink, but it is used like absinthe, the taste and properties of which it possesses. Its use, and even its abuse, does not bring remorse to the conscience of the Turks, for Mohammed has forbidden them to use wine, but he forgot, prophet though he was, to foresee the manufacture of raki, an invention more modern than his own. 60 PRACTICAL GASTRONOMY Chinese Diet and Custom. If a visitor is invited to dinner in China, custom orders that when the invitation is given he shall receive from the host certain advice as to conduct, such as — ** Do not eat with noise ; do not crunch the bones with your teeth, nor drink down the sauces at a gulp." This is said seriously, and seriously received. If the master of the house is a person of importance, and offers to his guest fruit with stones or pips, such as peaches or oranges, the guest must put the pips in his pocket, in order not to appear to refuse anything the host is good enough to offer. If a melon is served, the manner of cutting it depends upon the caste to which the cutter belongs. Sentiments are regulated by custom as well as expression. Thus, if in the course of a visit refresh- ments are offered to the guest, he must drink the first cup " with an air of profound thought," the second " with a satisfied expression."